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1995--In an advance toward programmable standards, NIST demonstrated the first quantized voltage steps in an array of Josephson junctions with barriers made of normal metal instead of an insulator. The circuit contains 400 junctions, 1.7 micrometers by 1.7 micrometers in size, made of niobium electrodes and gold-palladium alloy barriers.
*PML, oscilloscope, volt, superconductor, niobium
See also http://www.nist.gov/pml/history-volt/superconductivity_1990s.cfm.
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